DESIGN OF A PID CONTROLLER FOR SPEED OF A CONVEYOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v7i2.222Keywords:
PID Control, Speed control, Conveyor, DC motor, ArduinoAbstract
This study presents a compact and energy-aware conveyor speed control system designed to maintain stable and precise motor operation. A PID controller is implemented on an Arduino Mega, using encoder feedback and a discrete Kalman filter to reduce measurement noise and improve response smoothness. The system incorporates an H-bridge driver for motor actuation and an LCD module for on-site monitoring, together with a Python-based interface that provides real-time visualization of set speed, actual speed, and transient response via UART communication. Experimental results show that the controller achieves fast response, minimal steady-state error, and low overshoot across various reference speeds. Performance at a fixed 25-rpm setpoint under both no-load and light-load conditions further demonstrates good disturbance tolerance. Overall, the system offers a reproducible, low-cost, and energy-efficient solution suitable for small conveyor applications in educational and prototyping environments.
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